Intermediate Learning Pathway: Pediatrics 1 – Forefoot

Learning Objectives of this Pathway:

• Describe treatment considerations for metatarsus adductus when it presents at different ages or with other associated foot deformities.
• Describe specific considerations that help minimize complications when using callus distraction to treat brachymetatarsia.
• Describe the treatments used to surgically manage pediatric digital deformities.
• Describe the mainstay of management for common pediatric foot/ankle osteochondroses.
• Compare and contrast the evaluation and surgical management of a juvenile hallux valgus deformity from an adult hallux valgus deformity.

Day 1: Metatarsus Adductus and Brachymetatarsia

Clinical Sessions:
Pediatrics , In Toeing: Metatarsus Adductus

Surgical Techniques e-Learning:
Common Foot & Ankle Procedures (online format), Brachymetatarsia Repair with Callus Distraction

Clinical Sessions:
Forefoot Case Debates/Controversies , Metatarsus Adductus with HV: Lapidus vs Global Correction – Correction of Metatarsus Adductus with HAV

JFAS Articles:

• Callus Distraction Versus Single-Stage Lengthening with Bone Graft for Treatment of Brachymetatarsia: A Systematic Review
• Cuneiform and Cuboid Wedge Osteotomies for Correction of Residual Metatarsus Adductus: A Surgical Review

Outside Journal Articles/Books:

• Agnew, PS (2013). Metatarsus Adductus and Allied Disorders. In J.T. Southerland (4^thEd.),McGlamry's Comprehensive Textbook of Foot and Ankle Surgery(Chapter 73). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
• Agnew, PS (2020). Pediatric Metarsus Adductus. In M.L. Butterworth and J.T. Marcoux (1^stEd.),The Pediatric Foot and Ankle: Diagnosis and Management.(Chapter 6). Basel, Switzerland: Springer.
• Butterworth, ML., Martin, DE (2013). Brachymetatarsia. In J.T. Southerland (4^thEd.),McGlamry's Comprehensive Textbook of Foot and Ankle Surgery(Chapter 72). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
• Eamsobhana P, et al. Does the parental stretching programs improve metatarsus adductus in newborns? J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong). 2017;25(1). PMID 28215117.
• Furdon SA, Donlon CR. “Examination of the newborn foot: position and structural abnormalities.”Adv Neonatal Care2002; 2(5):248-258.
• Gore, AI, Spencer HP. “The Newborn Foot.”Am Fam Physician 2004; 69(4): 865-72.
• Hutchinson, B. “Pediatric metatarsus adductus and scewfoot deformity.”Clin Podiatr Med Surg
• Sankar WN, Weisss J, Skaggs DL. “Orthopedic conditions in the newborn.”J Am AcadOrthop Surg2009; 17:112-122.
• Sass P, Hassan G. “Lower extremity abnormalities in children.”Am Fam Physician2003; 68:461-8.

Day 2: Digital Deformities and Pediatric Foot/Ankle Osteochondroses

Clinical Sessions:

• Pediatrics , Digital Deformities
• Pediatrics , Osteochondrosis

JFAS Articles:
Ray Reduction of the Foot in the Treatment of Macrodactyly and Review of the Literature

Outside Books:

• Downey, MS., Wilson, JM. Congenital Overlapping Fifth Toe Deformity. In J.T. Southerland (4^thEd.),McGlamry's Comprehensive Textbook of Foot and Ankle Surgery (pp.332-342). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
• Filiatrault, AD (2013). Polydactyly. In J.T. Southerland (4^thEd.),McGlamry's Comprehensive Textbook of Foot and Ankle Surgery(Chapter 75.1). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
• Brosky II, TA (2013). Macrodactyly. In J.T. Southerland (4^thEd.),McGlamry's Comprehensive Textbook of Foot and Ankle Surgery(Chapter 75.2). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
• Donohue, CM (2013). Ectrodactyly. In J.T. Southerland (4^thEd.),McGlamry's Comprehensive Textbook of Foot and Ankle Surgery(Chapter 75.3). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
• Wagreich, CR., et al (2013). Syndactyly. In J.T. Southerland (4^thEd.),McGlamry's Comprehensive Textbook of Foot and Ankle Surgery(Chapter 75.4). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
• Camasta, CA., Weinstein, RB (2005). Syndactyly and Desyndactyly. In T.J. Chang (1^stEd.),Master Techniques in Podiatric Surgery: The Foot and Ankle (Chapter 2). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
• Bazarov, I., Williams, ML. (2020). Digital Deformities of the Pediatric Foot. In M.L. Butterworth and J.T. Marcoux (1^stEd.),The Pediatric Foot and Ankle: Diagnosis and Management.(Chapter 4). Basel, Switzerland: Springer.

Day 3: Juvenile Hallux Valgus Deformity

Clinical Sessions:
Pediatrics , HAV  

Surgical Techniques e-Learning:
Common Foot & Ankle Procedures (online format), Akin Osteotomy

Journal Articles:
Radiographic Measurements of Patients with Juvenile Hallux Valgus Compared with Age-Matched Controls: A Cohort Investigation

Outside Books:

• Green, DR., Mahan, KT., and Klimaz, TL (2013). Juvenile Hallux Abducto Valgus Deformity. In J.T. Southerland (4^thEd.),McGlamry's Comprehensive Textbook of Foot and Ankle Surgery(pp.332-342). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
• Butterworth, ML and Marcoux, JT (2020). Juvenile Hallux Abductovalgus. In M.L. Butterworth and J.T. Marcoux (1^stEd.),The Pediatric Foot and Ankle: Diagnosis and Management.(Chapter 7). Basel, Switzerland: Springer.